6]lSgsn 6«]lgË P08
l/;r{ OlG:6Ro'6sf ;Dk"0f{ ljBfyL{x? z}lIfs e|d0fsf] s|ddf x]6f}8f
l:yt cjl:yt If]qLo lapljhg k|of]uzfnfdf cWoogsf]
lznlznfdf xfdL ljBfyL{x? k'Uof}F . To; sfof{nosf k|d'v clws[t hulb; ofba ;/n]
xfdLnfO{ w]/} s'/fx?sf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . To;} s|ddf o; sfof{nosf] d'Vo sfd
eg]sf] u'0f:t/ lapljhg ls;fgsf] ;fd' k'¥ofpg] xf] . o; sfof{non] v8f afnL
lgl/If0f klg ub{5 . h:t} M wfg, ds}, ux'FnfO{ v]tdf uP/ cjnf]sg ug]{ . lapsf]
hflto ld>0f gxf];\ eg]/ v8fafnL lgl/If0f ul/G5 . of] afnL lgl/If0f ug{sf]
nflu ;d'x ;xsf/L /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . To; lgl/If0fsf nflu k|lt x]S6/ #@) ?k}ofF
nfU5 / wfg, ux'Fsf] @ rf]6L lgl/If0f ul/G5 . lgl/If0f ul/;s]kl5 afnL sfl6G5 .
afnL sfl6;s]kl5 y|]l;ª / u|]l8ª ul/G5 . / kl/If0fsf] nflu NofOG5 . To;sf]
nflu k|lt dlxgf %%& ?k}ofF nfUb5 . / Pp6f gd'gf ;+sng u/]sf] @!$ ?k}ofF
nfU5 . / lapljhg ;DalGw ljleGg s'/fx? l;Sof}F .
df6f]
kl/If0f s]Gb« x]6f}8f
xfdLx? df6f] kl/If0f s]Gb«df uof}F /
TofxfFaf6 kfPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ ToxfF ljleGg 7fpFx?sf] df6f] NofO{ df6f]
kl/If0f ug]{, ToxfFsf] sd{rf/Lx? ljleGg 7fpFdf uP/ df6f] kl/If0f ug]{ s'/f atfpg'eof]
. ToxfF df6f] kl/If0fsf nflu rflxg] ljleGg ;fdfu|Lsf] cjnf]sg uof}{ .
lj/uGh
s[lif cg';Gwfg s]Gb« -s[lif cf}hf/_ cjnf]sg
xfdL
;Dk"0f{ ljBfyL{x? z}lIfs e|d0fsf] s|ddf ldlt @)&$÷!!÷#) ut] lj/uGh
s[lif cf}hf/ cg';Gwfg s]Gb«df k'u]sf lyof}F . To;} s|ddf ToxfF sfo{/t z}n]Gb«
vqL4f/f k|To]s ?kdf cjnf]sg uof}{F . pxfFx?n] lbg' ePsf] hfgsf/L cg';Gwfg
ljleGg cf}hf/sf] gfd / s'/f af/]df hfGg] cj;/ kfof}F .
1.
Turbo
Happy Seeder
2.
Drum
Seeder
3.
Seed
plantation
4.
Zero
tiller drill
5.
Rice
harvester
6.
Rice
planter
7.
Rice
thresher
8.
Hand
Fan
9.
Paddle
Fan
10.
Wind
Fan
11.
Chisel
plow
12.
Maize
planter
13.
Potato
planter
dsjfgk'/ lhNnf yfxf gu/kflnsf j8f g+=– ^ cjl:yt r'lnk|fg
ufpFsf] kl/ro
o; r'lnk|fg ufpF blIf0f
df]xf]8flt/ kmls{Psf] 5 . o; ufpFsf] klZrddf ufpFv]n 6f]n / pQ/df yxrf]s 6f]n
k5{ eg] k"j{df c}n]v 6f]n;Fu hf]l8Psf] 5 . o; 7fpF k|fs[lts ?kdf ;'Gb/
zfGt xl/ofnL k|;:t ?kdf afF;, 8f]n3fF; / e'O{3fF;x?sf la?jf pAhgL cln sd ;'v
;'ljwfaf6 alGrt ePsf dflg;x? hLjgofkg ul//x]sf 5g\ . o; j8fdf wfg, ds}, cfn',
sfpnL, aGbf, Kofh, d'nf, v';f{gL, e]8]v';f{gL, /fof] cflb pTkfbg x'g] ub{5 . o;
If]qdf a|fdx0f, tfdfË, du/ hftsf dflg;x? a;f]af; ub{5g\ . oxfFsf] k|d'v cfo;|f]t
s[lif tyf kz'kfngaf6 g} hLjgofkg ul/Psf] /x]5 . To; ufpFsf dflg;x?n]
cfk"mn] pAhfp u/]sf t/sf/Lx? sf7df08f}F, x]6f}8f, h:tf 7fpFx?df cfˆgf
t/sf/L ahf/Ls/0f ub}{ /x]5g\ .
lgisif{
r'lnk|fg ufpFsf afl;Gbfx?n] k/Dk/fut / cfw'lgs b'O{
tl/sfaf6 g} s[lif v]tL tyf kz'kfng ul/b} cfPsf] /x]5 . :yfgLo JolQmx?n]
cfk"mn] u/]sf] b'Mv cg';f/ t/sf/L afnLsf] d"No ahf/df gkg]{ d"No
sd kg]{ x'Fbf lg/fz ePsf] / sfpnL hftsf t/sf/Ldf ufF7], h/] /f]un] cfs|d0f
u/]sf] / s'g} ;/sf/L s[lif k|fljlwsx? ufpFdf gcfpg] / cGo /f]u ;DalGw hfgsf/L
tyf klxrfg ug{ ufx|f] x'g] / kz'kIfLdf -y'n]nf], vf]/]t, gfDn] df6]_ h:tf
/f]un] cfs|d0f ug{] / h;df s[ifs ;d:ofdf k/]sf] b]lvof] . s[lif sfo{fnoaf6 s'g}
laplahg / la?jf ;DalGw ;xof]u gePsf] kfOof] . To; sf/0fn] To; 7fpFdf ;/sf/L
lgsfoaf6 ;xof]u u¥of] eg] To; If]qdf t/sf/L afnL tyf kz'kfng a9L pTkfbg ug{
;lsG5 .
Recommendation
ldlt @)&$ kmfu'g
@|$ ut] b]lv @* ut]] ;Dd dsjfgk'/ lhNnfsf] yfxf gu/kflnsf j8f g+= ^ cjl:yt r'lnk|fg
ufpFdf ;d'bfosf] dflg;x?;Fu ;xefuLd"ns u|fdL0f n]vf hf]vf / 3?w'/L
;j]{If0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/L cfof}F . of] sfo{ k|efjsf/L / l;sfOd"ns ePtf
klg s]xL ;d:ofsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ cWoogsf] s|ddf s]xL ;d:of cfPsf] lyof] . xfd|f]
cWoogdf b]lvPsf ;d:ofsf] nflu s]xL ;'emfj / ;Nnfx lbg rfxfG5f}F .
r'lnk|fg ufpF ;DalGwt s[ifs ;d'bfonfO{ ;'emfj
·
pGgt hftsf]
lapm k|of]u ug]{,
·
cfjZos dfqfdf
dfq /f;folgs dnsf] k|of]u ug]{,
·
;do ;dodf df6f]
hfFr tyf k/LIf0f u/fpg],
·
l;+rfO{sf] nflu
cfsfz] kfgL ;ª\sngsf] nfuL Joj:yf ug]{,
·
cfˆgf] If]qdf
s:tf s:tf sfo{qmd cfPsf 5g\ ;f]sf] k"0f{ hfgsf/L lng' kg]{,
·
Agrovet sf] :yfkgf ug'{ kg]{ b]lvG5 .
;xefuLx?nfO{ ;Nnfx tyf ;'emfj
·
xfdLn]
;d'bfosf] hfgsf/L ;ª\sng u/L ;d:of klxrfg ug{ ;dfwfgsf pkfo ;d'bfonfO{ lbg'kg]{
ePsfn] ;DalGwt ;d'bfosf] l/tLl/jfh / ljZjf; cg';f/ cfˆgf] g}ltstfdf /xL
s[ifsx/nfO{ cfb/ u/L sfo{ ug'{ kg]{ b]lvG5 .
·
cg';f;gdf /x]/
cfk"mnfO{ lbPsf] sfd lhDd]jf/L axg ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .
;/sf/L tyf uf}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?nfO{ ;'emfj
·
s[lif
k|fljlwsx? ufpFdf e|d0fdf s]lx s'/fdf ;fldn u/fOlbPsf] eP /fd|f] x]nf .
·
;/sf/n] lapm
ljhg pknAw u/fO{lbg' kg]{ b]lvG5 .
·
lqmofl;n INGO/NGO n] s[lif If]qdf cem} lqmofsnfk a9fpg'kg]{ b]lvG5 .
·
;/sf/L lgsfoaf6
s[lif tflnd tyf l;la/ rnfpg'kg]{ b]lvG5 .
·
kfgLsf] cefj
ePsf] x'Fbf l;+rfO{sf k|sf/ ;DalGw tflnd tyf hfgsf/L lbg'kg]{ b]lvG5 .
·
ahf/ d"No
/fd|f] lgwf{/0f ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . h;n] ubf{ s[ifsnfO{ pTk|]/0ff ldNg ;S5 .
cfof]hs 6]lSgsn 6]«lgË P08 l/;r{ OlG:6Ro'6nfO{
;'emfj
·
xfd|f] PPA sf] 5f]6f] ePsf] x'gfn] sfd w]/} l56f] ug'{ k/]sf] lyof] . ;do cem}
a9fPsf] eP cln /fd|f];Fu a'‰g] df}sf kfpYof}F .
·
xfdL ;a}
k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ a;fOdf w]/} ;d:of b]lvPsf] lyof] ;f] ;a} k|lzIffyL{x?sf]
af;:yfg Ps} 7fpFdf /flvlbPsf] eP sfd ug{ ;xh x'GYof] .
k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ ;Nnfx tyf ;'emfj
·
;d'bfosf]
s[ifsx?;Fu af]Nbf cª\u|]hL efiffsf] tyf zAbx? k|of]u gu/]sf] eP /fd|f]
x'GYof] .
·
;d'bfodf k'uL
;s]kl5 ;xeflutf d'ns cGtjf{tf x'Fbf g8/fO{ lzi6 af]nL u/L k|:t't ul/lbPsf] eP
emg\ /fd|f] x'GYof] xf]nf .
$=!
u|fdL0f ;fdflhs gS;f
gS;f agfpg]
afudtL
c~rn nlntk'/ lhNnf s'df/L kf6L{af6 sl/a ^^ lsnf]ld6/ 6f9f kg]{ yfxf gu/kflnsf
ah|af/fxL j8f g+= ^ df cjl:yt r'lnk|fg ufpFsf] s[ifsx?sf] ;+nUgtf ul/Psf] /
;d'x 5nkmnsf] cfwf/df To; ufpFsf] u|fdL0f ;fdflhs gS;f tof/ kf/]sf lyof}F .
h;df s[ifssf] 3/w'/L #@ / hg;ª\Vof !^( -k'?if *(, dlxnf *) hgf_ 5g\ . of]
ufpFdf k|fo h;f] a|fdx0f hflt /x]sf] 5 eg] kftnf] ;+Vofdf tfdfË / du/ hfltx?
klg a;f]af; ul/psf] 5 . of] ufpFdf 3/, k|To]ssf] 3/df uf]7, vf]/, zf}rfno,
lah'nL, rf}/, af6f] 3f6f]sf] 5]pdf rf}tf/f] h:tf] 7"nf] ?v, kfgL 6\ofÍL,
7"nf–7"nf afF; 3f/L, vfg]kfgLsf] wf/f, kf6L{ kf6L{sf] 5]p5fpdf
7"nf / glhs ;fgf] vf]nf, af/L, v]t, hª\un af6f]–3f6f], afnL–gfnL, t/sf/Lsf
v]t, lseLsf] ?v, /f]8sf] 5]pdf Pp6f lrxfg h:tf cflb u|fdL0f ;fdflhs gS;fdf
b]vfOPsf] 5 .
k/jf0fLk'/ If]lqo s[lif cg'zGwfg
s]Gb| cjnf]sg
z}lIfs e|d0fsf] s|ddf k/jf0fLk'/df cjl:Yft If]lqo s[lif
cg';Gwfg s]Gb|df xfdL cjnf]sg ubf{ ToxFf d"Vo u/L rNnf pTkfbg sIf b]lvof]
. ToxfFsf sfo{/t lblnk zfxn] ljleGg s'v'/f kmfd{x? e|d0f u/fpg' eof] . To;}
s|ddf kmnkm"n au}rfdf uP/ ljleGg kmnkm"nx?sf] af]6df s;/L ljiffbLx?
k|of]u ug{ eGg] af/]df hfgsf/L lbg' eof] . To;} s|ddf afuafgL cGt/ut eG6f,
uf]ne]8f, d'nf , /fof] cfbLsf] klg canf]sg u/L df5f kf]v/Ldf l6nflKfof, sfk{
hftsf df5fx?sf] canf]sg ul/of] . To;} u/L cGg afnL ;DalGw wfg, uxF, cfbLsf] cjnf]sg
uof}F .
Learning
xfdLx? PRA e|d0fsf] s|df r'nLk|fg ufpFdf k'u]sf lyof}F . hxfF
xfdLx?n] w]/} s'/fx? l;s]sf 5f}F . ToxfF uP/ xfdLx?n] ;d'bfosf] dflg;x? ;uF
;xefuL d"ns cGt/jftf{ ubf{ w]/} s'/fx? l;Sg] cj;/ kfof} . To; r'lnk|fg
ufpFdf k'u]/ xfdLx?n] dflg;x?;uF 3'nldn x'g l;Sof}F . gd| lzi6 af]nLrfnL s;/L
ug{ eGg] s'/fsf] cg'ej lnof}F . To;}u/L ;d'xdf a;]/ sfd ug{ l;Sof}F . Ps cfk;df
k/]sf] ;d:of ;dfwfd ug{ / Ps cfk;df ;xof]u ug{' kg]{ s'/fx? l;Sof}F . cfjZostfsf]
klxrfg s;/L ug{ eGg] s'/f hfGof} . Joj;fo ubf{ ;d:of s;/L cfpF5 / To; ;d:of
cfpg glbgsf] s:tf] vfnsf] ;dfwfgsf] pkfox? ckgfpg' k5{ eGg] s'/f cg'ej u¥of}F .
ª_
ahf/n] s:tf] c;/ kf/]sf] 5 M
·
;dodf u'0f:t/
lap lahg pknAw gx'g'
·
pTkfbg u/]sf]
t/sf/l afnldf ;xl d'No gkfpg'
·
pTkfbg u/]sf]
t/sf/L afnLdf ;xL d'No gkfpg'
·
ahf/df n'jf
k|ljlw b]lvP/
·
Jofkf/Lsf] al9
lyrf]ldrf] b]lvP/
r_
k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf] c;/
·
af9L klx/f]
hfg]
·
pTkfbg sd x'g]
·
/f]u ls/f al9
nfUg]
·
lap lahgsf]
cefj
·
e"sDk hfg]
dfwj ;'j]bL kmfd{ cjnf]sg
xfdL PRA e|d0fsf] s|ddf
r'nLk|fg ufpFdf cjl:yt dfwj ;'j]bLsf] kmfd{sf] cjnf]sg u/]sf lyof}F . To;
kmfd{df ;a} eGbf a9L sLjLsf] v]tL ul//x]sf] lyof] / To; sLjL v]tL Tof] dsjfgk'/
lhNnfsf] yfxf gu/kflnsfsf] klxnf] v]tLsf] ?kdf /x]5 . pxfFn] lsjL v]tL u/L;s]
kl5 ahf/Ls/0f a9L ;d:of ePkl5 s]xL jif{;Dd pxfFn] lsjLsf] :jfb rvfpg dfq cfˆgf]
;do Jo:t agfpg' eof] . ha dflg;x?n] sLjLsf] :jfb yfxf kfPkl5 To;sf] dfu a9\g
yfNof] . pxfFn] eGg' eof] sLjLsf] :jfb lrgfpg dfq ltg jif{ nfUof] eGg] s'/f
atfpg' eof] . pxfFn] a9L hUufdf sLjL v]tL ug'{ ePsf] /x]5 . To;} u/L pxfFn]
t/sf/L afnLx? klg s]xL nufpg' ePsf] /x]5 . h;df sfpnL, aGbf, cfn' nufpg' ePsf]
/x]5 . ;fy} pxfFn] d'Vo ?kdf sfpnL, aGbf / sLjLsf] a9L v]tL ug'{ ePsf] /x]5 .
To;af6 a9L cfo;|f]t lng l;Sg] s'/f eGg' eof] . pxfFn] atfP cg';f/ cfw'lgs
tl/sfaf6 sLjL v]tL ubf{ Tolt c;xh gx'g] s'/f atfpg' eof] . xfdLnfO{ pxfFn] Grafting ug{ l;sfpg' ePsf] lyof] . pxfFn] t/sf/L v]tLx?df Organic tl/sfaf6 v]tL ug'{ ePsf] s'/f atfpg' eof] . pxfFn] b'O{ tl/sfsf]
6g]ndf t/sf/L afnL nufpg' ePsf] /x]5 . pxfFn] yf]kf l;+rfO{ k|of]u ug'{ ePsf]
/x]5 .
bfdg -lztf]i0f afuagL g;/L{ s]Gb| cjnf]sg
g]kfn
;/sf/ s[lif ljsf; dGqfno s[lif ljefu kmnkm'n ljsf; lgb]{zgfno lztf]i0f afuafgL
g;{/L s]Gb| bfdg dsjfgk'/df cjl:yt sfof{nodf e|d0fsf] s|ddf hfFbf ToxfF sfo{/t
clws[t cfOtl;ª u'?Ën] w]/} s'/fsf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .
o; g;{/L
s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf @)!( ;fndf au}+rf ± g;{/L eg]/ :yfkgf ePsf] xf] . tTsflng /fhf
lj/]Gb|n] @)@! ;fndf w'kL /f]Kg'ePsf] lyof] . afO/f]8sf] af6f] vGg] s|ddf of]
7fpF b]v]/ dflyNnf] lgsfoaf6 Indian Horticulture report lbP/ :yfkgf ePsf] xf] . o; s]Gb|sf] d'Vo p2]Zo la?jf pTkfbg xf] . /
cfn'sf] lapF pTkfbg klg ul/G5 . lxpFb] kmnkm'nsf] nflu pko'Qm jftfj/0f x'g] a9L
:ofp, gf:kflt, lsaL, cf]v/ h:tf kmnkm'nsf la?jf pTkfbg x'G5 . ljleGg lhNnfaf6
dfucg';f/ !@–!# j6f lhNnfdf la?jfx? k7fOG5 . oxfF pTkfbg ug]{ s|ddf rfFlx
hfklgh gf:kfltnfO{ a9L dfGotf lbP/ pTkfbg ul/G5 . cf]v/sf] la?jf dWo kxf8L
If]qdf a9L dfu x'g] / la?jf k7fOg] ul/G5 . lyg;]g -bfFt] cf]v/_ sf] lapF rfFlx
d+l;/ dlxgfdf /fVg' kg]{ x'G5 . t/sf/L lapF rfFlx ;/sf/L d+xuf] x'g] ePsf]n] /
ahf/df las|L sd x'g] x'Fbf tfhf t/sf/L pTkfbg ul/G5 . l;hgdf sfpnL ? !)–!% df
ljs|Lljt/0f ul/G5 . lsaLsf] hft rfFlx df]G6L, x]j8{, lsaLsf] la?jf 5g\ .
lsaLsf] efn] af]6df rfFlx kmn nfUb}g / :ofpsf] rfFlx efn] af]6df kmn nfU5 .
lsaLsf] la?jfnfO{ rfFlx lj?jf a8'Gh]n c? la?jfnfO{ h:t} M kfgL lbg'k5{ . / kft
cf}Nofpg] / ;'Sg] a]nfdf l;+rfO{ ug'{kb{5 . kfgL hd]sf] lsaL af]6 /fd|f] x'Fb}g
. k/fu;]rgsf] dfWod rfFlx df}/L xf] .
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